Mental Health and Human Resilience

Mental Retardation

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Mental retardation also known by the terms Intellectual disability (ID) or Intellectual development disorder (IDD) or General learning disability. It is neurodevelopmental disorder caused by impaired functioning. It is caused due to fetal alcohol syndrome, malnutrition, improper brain functioning, brain damage caused by the use of prescription or illegal drugs during pregnancy;   genetic disorders and brain injury and disease; such as down syndrome and fragile X syndrome. It is mostly seen in age below 18. Mostly 2–3 percent of the general population is affected by Intellectual disability. 75–90% of the people affected have mild Intellectual disability. Non-syndromic affects about 30–50 percent of cases and about a quarter of cases are caused due to a genetic disorder. People with intellectual disabilities as a group have higher rates of adverse health conditions such as neurological disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, epilepsy and psychiatric or behavioral problems compared to people without disabilities.